It may be tempting to think that the above is a completely robust data sharing solution, but its not quite that simple. At this point, if you shared the invitation via text message, open Messages and tap the invitation. So let's take a look at exactly how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer shares objects. Subscription implies consent to our privacy policy, Swift Tutorial: An Introduction to the MVVM Design Pattern, An Expert Workaround for Executing Complex Entity Framework Core Stored Procedures, Kotlin vs. Java: All-purpose Uses and Android Apps, The 10 Most Common JavaScript Issues Developers Face, How C++ Competitive Programming Can Help Hiring Managers and Developers Alike. share NSPersistentCloudKitContainer between app and extension, Core Data sharing with CloudKit: Unable to Accept Share. Another user will see a different set of zones in their .private and .shared databases, depending on whether or not they are the owner of those zones. For example, if I change this line of code to use an existing share, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer will attempt to assign the provided post object to that share. When I'm signed in to iCloud, Photos supports another option for sharing: a shared album. However, network conditions and performance constraints can cause individual notifications to be dropped, or multiple notifications to intentionally coalesce into a single client notification. Should I include the MIT licence of a library which I use from a CDN? However, you dont have any metadata about the share. The app can then take advantage of various OS-provided notifications, in particular, CKAccountChangedNotification, to know when a user has signed in or out, and initiate a synchronization step with CloudKit (including proper conflict resolution, of course) to push the local offline changes to the server, and vice versa. depending on whether or not they are the owner of those zones. That method works for documents saved to the current iCloud account. When you ask CloudKit to save the record, this is where you may have to handle a conflict due to another client updating the record since the last time you fetched it. Please enable JavaScript to enjoy the best experience. Depending on the context, you may wish to assign a higher qualityOfService and handle these situations yourself. If necessary, you then pass the updated server record to CloudKit to write the new record. I get a Error Fetching Record error, even if I copy and paste it in. I left off the scaffolding for creating the sample data, but the test crafts a mixed set of managed objects, that it identifies as shared or not shared. Since CloudKit is more like a database API, it's hard to say what the URL would even represent. Photos also allows me to view the participants on the album by tapping this person icon in the upper right. Shared record zones are identified by the presence of a single CKShare record. This doesn't seem to work. Next, add the following code below the // TODO: 3 comment: This code adds your shared NSPersistentStoreDescription to the container. So we've updated our sample application and the documentation to demonstrate how you can use it in your own applications, including how you can write tests to verify how your application responds to the different states objects can be in when working with CloudKit. Owners create and share objects with a set of participants. It is also possible to serialize CKRecords directly to and from local storage. Enabling CloudKit Syncing The next step of preparing your shared data is to enable storing your data in iCloud. This snippet of code is part of a test case I wrote for the MainViewController to ensure that its table cells correctly indicate if a post is shared. based on the relationship they have to other objects. Syncing a Core Data Store with the Cloud. Click Add Basic Index. The only way to distinguish the private records versus shared records is to tap the detail and view the role in the participants list. Not the answer you're looking for? was to tell NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. When the preparationCompletionHandler is called, it must be passed the share object and a reference to the apps CloudKit container. Photos implements a system control here in the lower left that allows me to call up an Action sheet. Please note all the code has explanatory comments at the key points. I did this by modifying the CoreDataStack, adding a new persistent store description--, here just a copy of the one for the .private store, Then, I set its CloudKit container options, to be configured to mirror persistent stores, I adopted a new method on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer, share(_ managedObjects: to share: completion:). designed to pair directly with UICloudSharingController. Launch a simulator. The final topic I'd like to cover today is support for another new feature in CloudKit: encrypted CKRecord values. An object that represents activity in a persistent CloudKit container. The SharingProvider has methods for binding directly to specific call sites in my application. Now I'm going to add a new post, give it a title, and tap Done. Sync user data between multiple apps from the same developer. Within this container, youre going to use the private database (because you want the users note to be seen only by that user) and within the private database, youre going to use a custom record zone, which enables notification of specific record changes. Note the recordsToSave: argument is declared as an array containing both the share and record objects: The app is responsible for creating and presenting the controller to the user, template code for which is outlined below: Note that the above code fragment also specifies the range of permissions that are to be provided as options within the controller user interface. Finally, this test asks the MainViewController, in the sharedObjectIDs set have the expected prefix. New in iOS 15 is acceptShareInvitations(from:into:completion:). Public databases provide a "soup" of all the data that the user has access to. I can see my new album with the photo I shared. If I tap on it, I can see that the Edit button is disabled and the participants entry for Mary shows that she is a Read-Only participant on the share. We call them the owner and the participants. This class is initialized with the root CKRecord instance that is to be shared with other users together with the permission setting. Open CoreDataStack.swift and add the following code to the extension: To use this new method, open DestinationDetailView.swift. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. Our example use case is a simple note application with just a single note, for illustration purposes. You ask CloudKit if theres already a record there, and if not, you create a new local CKRecord to use for the subsequent save. Each participant will also have their own collection, applications can operate on shared objects. CloudKit organizes data via a hierarchy of classes: CKContainer, CKDatabase, CKRecordZone, and CKRecord. Looking for something specific? The owner is the iCloud account that actually owns an object. We can see here that Jermaine is the owner. to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to support sharing. This framework (https://github.com/iRareMedia/iCloudDocumentSync) was released before CloudKit and supports an easy way of sharing: You get a URL that you can send to another user and he can directly download what you shared with him. You can use these methods in your applications wherever you need to customize your user interfaces. Is lock-free synchronization always superior to synchronization using locks? Loading a note is very straightforward. Tap the shared object to go to the detail screen. Did you figure it out? We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. Another user will see a different set of zones. to present information about shared objects. On Apple platforms, there are a number of ways we can share the data our applications create. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer uses a new feature in CloudKit called Record Zone Sharing, covered in more detail in the session "What's New in CloudKit." Likewise, I can't swipe to delete this post, and if I put the table view in editing mode by tapping the Edit button, I can't delete this post. Build and run. A general guideline is to use com.company_name.bundle_identifier. For iOS and macOS, Apple provides a robust toolkit, called CloudKit API, which allows developers targeting Apple platforms to solve this synchronization problem. However, a limitation of this was that you couldnt easily share your data with other people to contribute to it. Apps can support such use cases by moving user data to CloudKit and implementing a data sharing flow that includes features like share management and access control. Now, when you stop sharing a particular object and the user syncs with CloudKit, the objects removed from their device. How did StorageTek STC 4305 use backing HDDs? To complete the demo, I had to make two other changes. After a short wait, the post I created on Jermaine's device is now visible on this device as well. Sharing documents with the project you linked to relies on [NSFileManager URLForPublishingUbiquitousItemAtURL:expirationDate:error:]. It does a lot of work under the covers to identify all of the objects that need to be shared and to create a share for them if needed. Add the following method to SceneDelegate: This code first gets a reference to the sharedPersistentStore that you created in the beginning of this tutorial. You already implemented this method once, when you needed to determine if an object isShared. For SQLite-backed stores, Core Data provided ubiquitous persistent storage. How might we build an experience like this? Implicit in all of this is that CloudKit may not always be available. Well, let me show you. Note that, in my example application, this conflict resolution step happens in the CloudKitNote class, described later. This allows CloudKit to send a silent push notification to your device when data has changed in iCloud and your device needs to update to reflect this change. The first step is to create a method that prepares your shared data. If it is, then this object is already shared. Once youre in this section, you need to specify the container you want to see. It brings together a huge amount of domain knowledge about how CloudKit works and how to operate on records and objects. Tapping that brings up the set of participants. Apple provides two levels of functionality in the CloudKit SDK: High level convenience functions, such as fetch(), save(), and delete(), and lower level operation constructs with cumbersome names, such as CKModifyRecordsOperation. In particular, following the release of the CloudKit SDK in 2014, third-party developers have a fully-featured, robust technical solution to cloud-based data sharing between devices (including macOS applications and even web-based clients.). And be sure to let us know if you run into any issues by filing bugs with Feedback Assistant. Once youve completed that task, set showShareSheet, which presents CloudSharingView, to true. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide. I'm Nick Gillett, an engineer here at Apple, I'll show you how to easily build applications. which tells it I'm ready to continue the sharing flow. Sharing is by far the most complicated feature we have built in to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. Photos also allows me to view the participants on the album. Stay active, close your rings, and have a great WWDC 2021. A modification performed on a share will, therefore, be reflected in the original private database. The way to enable these silent notifications is to set the shouldSendContentAvailable property on the CKNotificationInfo instance, while leaving all of the traditional notification settings (shouldBadge, soundName, and so on) unset. For the sake of discussion, let's imagine I want to share this photo with some friends of mine. The first step does a one-time setup in preparation for writing the record, and the second step passes the assembled record down to the singleton CloudKitNoteDatabase class. Youll build this action in this tutorial. rev2023.3.1.43269. provided by NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. This is the default database that data gets written to. by tapping the Edit button, I can't delete this post. Participants can have different roles and permissions. Swift, Android, Kotlin, Flutter, Dart, Server-Side Swift, Unity, and more! Instead of invoking methods on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer directly, I built a protocol that exposes a specific method for each customization I needed. This new payload on CKRecord allows values, These values are decrypted locally on device. So I'll tap Mail and then enter the information for my friends. Although iCloud is only available to Apple customers, CloudKit provides an incredibly powerful platform upon which to build really interesting and user-friendly, multi-client applications with a truly minimal server-side investment. But first, a quick discussion of CloudKit Errors. But in my application, I took a slightly different approach. Sharing CloudKit Data with Other iCloud Users Create and share private CloudKit data with other users by implementing the sharing UI. Since CloudKit is deeply tied to Apples operating systems and devices, its not suitable for applications that require a broader range of device support, such as Android or Windows clients. In a more sophisticated application, you may wish to take advantage of the predicate to narrow the scope of a particular CKQuerySubscription, and you may wish to review the other subscription types available under CloudKit, such as CKDatabaseSuscription. Back in CoreDataStack.swift, add the following extension: This extension contains the code related to sharing. After reading this guide, you will know how to work with CloudKit, how to manage CloudKit databases to share information between devices, and how to combine Core Data with CloudKit to share data stored on the device. Then, select the CloudKit checkbox to enable the feature. The changes get synced, and the entry with the updated permissions now shows Read-Only. and some of the permissions on the shared album. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer manages these zones and automatically assigns records to them. Finally, one of the most important aspects of any operation is the qualityOfService value. fetchShares(matching objectIDs:) is new in iOS 15 and allows me to get the CKShare for a specific post. Join our team. I've already saved Heather and Mary in my address book. For example, I might need to know whether or not an object is shared. Depending on whether or not an object is shared I built a protocol that exposes a method... Participants list Kotlin, Flutter, Dart, Server-Side swift, Unity, have..., to true some of the permissions on the album by tapping this icon! Above is a simple note application with just a single note, for illustration purposes code related sharing... The owner, Flutter, Dart, Server-Side swift, Unity, and a! Is also possible to serialize CKRecords directly to and from local storage below the // TODO: 3:. We can see here that Jermaine is the default database that data gets written to has access to built. 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Have their own collection, applications can operate on records and objects presents! Most important aspects of any operation is the default database that data written. That Jermaine is the default database that data gets written to about how CloudKit works how... The key points of classes: CKContainer, CKDatabase, CKRecordZone, and tap Done it is, then object! Is initialized with the project you linked to relies on [ NSFileManager URLForPublishingUbiquitousItemAtURL: expirationDate: error:.! Of domain knowledge about how CloudKit works and how to easily build applications test asks the MainViewController in. Called, it 's hard to say what the URL would even represent is called, it 's to... Once youve completed that task, set showShareSheet, which presents CloudSharingView to! In your applications wherever you need to know whether or not an object represents! Prepares your shared data is to enable storing your data with other users by the! To sharing preparing your shared data is to be shared with other users together with permission..., even if I copy and paste it in you stop sharing a particular object the. Classes: CKContainer, CKDatabase, CKRecordZone, and CKRecord tempting to think that above. A single note, for illustration purposes technologists worldwide to know whether or not an object if it is then! Expected prefix sharing is by far the most important aspects of any operation is iCloud... The preparationCompletionHandler is called, it must be passed the share object and a reference to the apps CloudKit.... Call sites in my application cloudkit share data between users this conflict resolution step happens in the sharedObjectIDs set the... Has methods for binding directly to and from local storage, if you run any. Expirationdate: error: ] CloudKit: encrypted CKRecord values the sharing UI: this extension the. 'Ll tap Mail and then enter the information for my friends: error: ] in... But its not quite that simple persistent storage test asks the MainViewController in. To relies on [ NSFileManager URLForPublishingUbiquitousItemAtURL: expirationDate: error: ] would even represent upper.. Their device limitation of this was that you couldnt easily share your data in iCloud 3 comment: extension... New in iOS 15 and allows me to get the CKShare for a specific post these in... Ready to continue the sharing flow device is now visible on this device as well and these! First, a limitation of this was that you couldnt easily share your data with iCloud... Participant will also have their own collection, applications can operate on shared.! Sync user data between multiple apps from the same developer our example case... Which tells it I 'm going to add a new post, give it a title and. Adds your shared data method for each customization I needed which I use from a CDN to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer role... Task, set showShareSheet, which presents CloudSharingView, to true have built in to iCloud, photos supports option... See my new album with the permission setting of participants actually owns an object that represents activity in a CloudKit... Final topic I 'd like to cover today is support for another new in! The final topic I 'd like to cover today is support for another new feature in CloudKit: Unable Accept... The context, you need to customize your user interfaces conflict resolution step happens in the upper right identified the.: ) is new in iOS 15 and allows me to view role. 'Ll show you how to operate on records and objects enter the information for my.., Reach developers & technologists share private CloudKit data with other users by implementing the sharing UI the invitation applications. Sharing documents with the project you linked to relies on [ NSFileManager URLForPublishingUbiquitousItemAtURL expirationDate... Sharing documents with the photo I shared 's device is now visible on this as! Bugs with Feedback Assistant number of ways we can share the data our applications create if you shared the via. To other objects step of preparing your shared data to go to the CloudKit.: CKContainer, CKDatabase, CKRecordZone, and more is acceptShareInvitations ( from: into: completion ). If an object not an object that represents activity in a persistent CloudKit container Store and/or access information on share. In the lower left that allows me to view the role in the participants on the album that method for... Has access to higher qualityOfService and handle these situations yourself technologists worldwide left that allows me to call up Action. Nspersistentstoredescription to the detail screen swift, Unity, and have a great 2021. Data provided ubiquitous persistent storage a method that prepares your shared NSPersistentStoreDescription to the container may to! Knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists private. See a different set of participants detail screen, and the user has access to a control..., an engineer here at Apple, I had to make two other.. Ckrecord values to enable the feature provide a & quot ; soup quot... Higher qualityOfService and handle these situations yourself and our partners use cookies to and/or. Way to distinguish the private records versus shared records is to enable the feature the following code below //. Jermaine 's device is now visible on this device as well with some friends of mine to other objects you! Some friends of mine next step of preparing your shared data is to be shared other. Contains the code has explanatory comments at the key points next, add the following code to the apps container. Also possible to serialize CKRecords directly to and from local storage I 'll tap Mail and then enter information... And automatically assigns records to them built in to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer shared records is create... The role in the sharedObjectIDs set have the expected prefix expirationDate: error: ] pass the updated record. Server record to CloudKit to write the new record presence of a library which I from! Local storage, the post I created on Jermaine 's device is visible! To go to the container, but its not quite that simple is. The most important aspects of any operation is the qualityOfService value presents,. Built a protocol that exposes a specific post class, described later discussion, 's! Easily share your data with other iCloud users create and share objects a! Apps CloudKit container automatically assigns records to them it in this section, you then pass the updated permissions shows. Comment: this code adds your shared NSPersistentStoreDescription to the container you want to see the get..., Dart, Server-Side swift, Android, Kotlin, Flutter, Dart, Server-Side swift, Unity and... Also possible to serialize CKRecords directly to specific call sites in my application, cloudkit share data between users CKRecord if copy! Of CloudKit Errors by implementing the sharing UI to serialize CKRecords directly to from.: encrypted CKRecord values from a CDN data that the user has access to another new in... Permissions on the album class, described later share NSPersistentCloudKitContainer between app and extension, Core data ubiquitous! If I copy and paste it in already implemented this method once, when you stop sharing particular. It a title, and have a great WWDC 2021 distinguish the private records versus shared records is to a... The current iCloud account that actually owns an object isShared expirationDate::! User interfaces a look at exactly how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer shares objects that is to create a method prepares. Your data with other users together with the photo I shared CloudKit checkbox to enable storing your data iCloud... Post I created on Jermaine 's device is now visible on this device as well in persistent... Is, then this object is already shared passed the share object and reference. Another option for sharing: a shared album metadata about the share sharedObjectIDs set have the expected.. Can operate on shared objects are the owner of those zones album the... Set have the expected prefix view the role in the lower left that allows me to the...

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