c. an increase in the number of people in prison. a. had little impact on how facilities are run. The costs of incarceration are most expensive for _______ clients. >>Pre-Trial Conferences c. differs >>Civil and Criminal Cases While the jury may have decided your guilt or innocence, only the judge will determine your sentence. c. Federal Bureau of Investigation b. d. lacking consistency. Prior to the reform movement in the 1800s, women in Europe and the United States were: b. place them in protective custody unit. >>Plea Bargaining
$100,000 | Even in the book illustrates how a second problem was the recognition of racial disparities (Mays & Which of the following is a reward associated with the jailing lifestyle? d. inmate code. The concept of good time is provided to prison residents in certain correctional facilities based on ________. A __________ condition establishes a sum of money that must be paid by the offender either to the victim or to a public fund for victims of crime. The _______, an institution for young people who committed crimes, emphasized trained, a mark system of classification, indeterminate sentences, and parole. 1950s. >>Plea Bargaining
340,000 | The ______ was born out of concern for the sinfulness of sloth. At present, the focus of corrections has shifted to: In 2014, Virginia judges using the tool sent nearly half of those defendants to alternatives to prison, according to a state sentencing commission report. d. disagreements, A majority of all state prisoners throughout the country are housed in __________ prisons. a. inmates. Here are comparative statement data for Dean Company and Gerald Company, two competitors. d. camaraderie, Inmates who fall victim to sexual violence while incarcerated tend to be:
200,000 | Elizabeth Farnham, head matron of the women's wing at Sing Sing from 1844-1848, tried to implement reform ideas for female prisoners and: d. support prisoner's rights.
275,000 | The relationship between prison crowding and violence is: Women's Improvement Organization There are numerous mitigating factors that a judge can take The judge may read sections of applicable laws. b. sexual misconduct by female officers. WebJudges sometimes complain that their sentencing choices are: A.too lenient B.lacking consistency C.indeterminate D.limited limited Most correctional clients in the United Who defines the enforcement of the criminal law in the United States? In comparison to men's facilities, women's prisons have:
| d. on a par with, Rates of HIV infection are higher in __________ prisoners. c. inmates c. medical services. The Federal Bureau of Prisons was created within: Early evaluations of intensive supervision found that __________. a. more severely the pains of imprisonment are felt. b. positive. Many ideas that arose from the Enlightenment fostered the thinking that crime is caused by ______. The "congregate" system of prison discipline was first institution at the __________.
150,000 | c. significantly affected the delivery of programs. 25 million >>Closing Arguments b. All these activities are part of _______. >>Cross-examination c. primary sanctions. d. All of these, Corrections Chapter 11: The Prison Experience, Tema 1 Lxico 2: Las Percepciones Sensoriales, Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management, Anderson's Business Law and the Legal Environment, Comprehensive Volume, David Twomey, Marianne Jennings, Stephanie Greene, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine. The _______ model of corrections emphasizes a punitive approach to corrections, including strict sentencing requirements. c. gang tensions
__________ is a system of government in which power and responsibility are divided between a national government and state governments. c. Drug addiction It's time to renew your membership and keep access to free CLE, valuable publications and more. That goal clearly is to: For each of the following events, draw the new market outcome and say whether the equilibrium price and quantity will increase or decrease. We define sentencing guidelines as sentencing rules that: (1) are currently in effect; (2) recommend sentences, for most types of crime or at least most felonies, that are deemed to be appropriate in typical cases of that type (i.e., cases that do not present aggravating or mitigating factors that might permit departure from the recommendation); b. remains steady. d. subculture. This sometimes occurs before closing arguments.) a. African American. Which of the following is NOT one of the major reforms created and successfully implemented by the Progressives? b. was met with resistance from the community. c. 1 billion >>Pre-Trial Court Appearances in Criminal Cases .tg .tg-0lax{text-align:left;vertical-align:top} Knowledge of the effectiveness of deterrence is limited because _____________. WebThis button displays the currently selected search type.
648,000 | Gerald Company | c. assured. >>Pre-Trial Court Appearances in Criminal Cases The rate of confirmed AIDS cases in state and federal prisons is __________ in the total U.S. population. d. more harshly than men. c. Glover v. Johnson The legislature, president, or governor has the ability to give an agency the power in the areas of health, safety, and the environment to implement ______________. b. is constitutionally determined b. place gang members in solitary confinement. Money or other compensation is awarded to a plaintiff in a civil action when the person sued has ______ liability. Judicial discretion gives One key method shown to prevent AIDS transmission is through _________. a. control an institution's drug trade. Sometimes judges will explain what basic facts are in dispute, and what facts do not matter to the case. a. more violent. In the wake of the Civil Rights Movement, incarcerated people demanded their constitutional rights as _____. d. Both non-whites and women.
$650,000 | WebMany times, when judges following the sentencing polices, they are too soft on the criminals. d. restitution. a. segregated from males and other prisoners in jails but not prisons. a. situational offenders. The circumstances in a correctional facility that, when considered as a whole, may violate the protections guaranteed by the Eighth Amendment are known as _______. Separate confinement was first implement in _______. release to an addiction treatment facility. b. the Department of Justice. Whites and juveniles >>Pleadings A treatment program that has consistently proven to be successful for the alcohol abuser in the general population but less successful for those in the correctional population is _________. d. Morressey v Brewer. The mentally ill d. White. b. make prison rape illegal. (b) Comment on the relative profitability of the companies by computing the return on assets and the return on common stockholders equity for both companies.
b. Judicial discretion refers to a judge's power to make a decision based on their individualized evaluation, guided by the principles of law. Treatment options for people in jail are mainly limited by ______. The goal of rehabilitation is oriented solely toward the ______ and does not imply any consistent relationship between the severity of the punishment and the gravity of the crime. c. Food service. | 2013 | Being poor Fill in the blank with the letter of the correct term or concept listed below. a. career criminal. The design of most women's prisons is the: Responsibility of housing federal pretrial detainees belongs to: a. too harsh. d. there is a relatively small number of women in prison and jail. c. Spouses of people who have been incarcerated Which case first allowed people in prison to sue state officials fro brutality, inadequate medical care and nutrition, theft of personal property, and the denial of basic rights? 200,000 | Support for the concept of _______ has led many legislatures to shift to determinate sentences. Which of the following is NOT a pressure experienced by local jails? Because inmates are not allowed to carry any currency, the primary method of exchange in prison is: More than two-thirds of people under correctional authority are ________. d. Indigent people, b. b. 400,000 | Americans have traditionally tended to equate which of the following most with punishment? b. less severely the pains of imprisonment are felt. The first institution to embody the principles of the Cincinnati Prison Congress was ______. Which group is the least likely to be released on recognizance? d. sex. In New England, the Puritans maintained a society governed by what type of principles? The judge reads the instructions to the jury. https://quizlet.com/97734104/corrections-ch-9-12-regionals-flash-cards The penitentiary was to be a place where _________. The justification for the lack of diverse educational, vocational, and other programs to incarcerated women is that: A regularly interacting or interdependent group of items whose operations are directed toward common goals and influenced by the environment is known as a(n) ___________. d. shocked the public. Which of the following is NOT one of the main problems with the use of intermediate sanctions? d. created interest in the operations of the modern prison among the general public. In classifying people who committed crimes, correctional crimes, correctional administrators put them into groups based on _______. He or she will discuss the standard of proof that jurors should apply to the case - beyond a reasonable doubt in a criminal case, preponderance of the evidence in a civil case. Men between which ages are more prone to violence? If we consider the sampling distribution of p^\hat{p}p^.
According to the authors, _______ is the most visible penalty imposed by the American criminal justice system. 25-32 Which of the following is NOT one of the elements of punishment according to Herbert Packer? b. forgiveness. In instances when parole supervision is being revoked, people who committed a crime possess various _______ rights. 266,000 | The concept of community corrections is best understood as a goal. charge to the jury. d. was thwarted by male overseers and legislators. Of the following populations, who are the most statistically likely to get in trouble with the law and eventually end up in prison? c. tier design. More than half of all jail occupants are _______. The usual stock does not satisfy inmate's needs. According to the author, the general rule of architecture, including prisons, is that form follows: During the Progressive Reform era, two main correctional strategies were implemented, which were improving conditions in social environments and _______. Historically, the __________ has been an innovator in the field of corrections. | 5,000 Depriving a person of the ability to commit crimes against society, usually by detention in prison, is ___________. b. the same as 130,000 | In a typical group of 30 or so young adults, it is likely that ________ has been locked up. With reference to time, rehabilitation is __________. Until recently _______on the question of private prison cost-effectiveness has been lacking. Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of America's current jail population? During the last 30 years, the Supreme Court has been _______ incarcerated people's rights. c. "bug juice." b. Terry v. Ohio Punishments less severe than prison but more restrictive than traditional probation are __________ sanction. Experts usually cite _______ as reasons wrongful convictions occur. Children of people who have been incarcerated. .tg .tg-0pky{border-color:inherit;text-align:left;vertical-align:top} d. reintegration. Correctional systems learn, grow, and improve according to what? >>Judgment d. assimilation. d. all of these. a. increased acceptance by prison officials c. it is inadequate for a large number of offenders. The judge has many different types of sentences to consider: Concurrent (at the same time) or consecutive (one after another) Determinate (a fixed amount of time) or indeterminate (a minimum and maximum amount of time) Deferred until a later time Suspended sentence And others Some of the jurors are removed for cause. The pre-sentence investigation may consider the defendant's prior criminal record, family situation, health, work record, and any other relevant factor. b. radial design. a. clemency. >>Bail Many newer correctional facilities, especially maximum-security facilities, have been built in the _______ style . Critics of private prisons charge that the profit incentive may result in _________. a. ceased to show a limited understanding of the contemporary prison. Which of the following is NOT one of the major sentencing structures currently used in the United States? c. was largely ignored by the community. | 275,000 | Pretrial diversion targets mostly what type of offenses? Response to crime was viewed as essentially a private affair prior to the ______ century. In which year did the US government announce that for the first time in more than 30 years, the corrections system, including prisons, held fewer people than the year before?
The growth rate in the number of incarcerated women: >>Motion for Directed Verdict/Dismissal d. intermediate sanctions. Prison
10,000 | As many as ________ percent of child molesters were themselves molested as children. ceased to be a realistic portrayal of the contemporary prison. b. rehabilitation. a. Elizabeth Heffernan Over ______ dollars in fines in collected annually in the United States. b. Almost 60 percent of American's jails ________ clients for at least some of the medical care they receive. a. nutritional services. a. useful employment of prisoners a. more available programming. used for labor for profit by private interests. 2022 American Bar Association, all rights reserved. b. correction officer
It is typically employed only against people charged with property crimes. Which of the following early forms of execution was not as popular in England because it was less of a spectacle for crowds? | 54,000 | These orders are often used as a condition of bail or a suspended sentence. One of the future needs for intermediate sanctions and community corrections in clarified _______.
Prison based programs designed for women often include which of the following: The U.S. economy enters a period of rapid inflation. a.
a. a. psychologists (In some jurisdictions, the court may instruct the jury at any time after the close of evidence. c. the same as men. How was the existing system of justice altered during the Enlightenment? >>Officers of the Court According to sociologists, the "big house" image of the American prison has: WebFurther, judges may be constrained in their sentencing decisions by concerns regarding Indigenous offenders ability to do time in prison and the broader social cost of incarceration on Indigenous families and communities. New alternative programs are filled with people who formerly would have been placed __________. a. gather national statistics on prison rape. a. diverse programming. c. Commissary privileges are a right for all inmates. c. retributive a. never More incarcerated people receive _________ sentences in the United States that in any other Western nation. .tg .tg-9353{border-color:inherit;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;text-decoration:underline;vertical-align:top} >>Evidence c. White Among the stated goals of the correctional process as mentioned by the authors, which of the following does NOT overlap with the objectives of the other purposes? b. reduce reliance on prisons. a. physical stress c. the Marshal's Service. b. more self destructive. c. spawned a great deal of humanitarian reform in the eyes of the public. a. secure. During 2019, revenue of $1,000,000\$ 1,000,000$1,000,000 was recognized. >>Sentencing Implementing intermediate sanctions has had three consequences. c. police departments. a. racial disparities Which of the following does NOT describe local jail officers and staff employed in the United States today? In the wake of the Civil Rights Movement, prisoners demanded their constitutional rights as: Restorative justice sees crime as a violation against which of the following? What is the practice of forcing men to row ship called? >>Verdict c. human beings. Few positive programming options exist for them. In most states and in the federal courts, only the judge determines the sentence to be imposed. A philosophical question about private prisons concerns whether _______. a. in prison. >>Jury Deliberations Local assistance programs for incarcerated people are usually operated by community self-help volunteers. >>Appeals, How Courts Work Home | WebFinally, judges often "appeal-proof" their judgements, but giving a shorter sentence isn't a tactic they use. Children of people who have been incarcerated. d. both save money and reduce reliance on prisons. >>Pre-trial Procedures in Criminal Cases >>Instructions to the Jury b. d. mental illness. One example of corporal punishment is _______. It's time to renew your membership and keep access to free CLE, valuable publications and more. Youth a. three times lower than He or she will note that the jurors are to base their conclusions on the evidence as presented in the trial, and that the opening and closing arguments of the lawyers are not evidence. b. education ***Instructions*** b. women's sentences are generally short. WebThe judge instructs the jury about the relevant laws that should guide its deliberations. | When compared to men, the offenses women commit are usually More than two-thirds of people under correctional authority are: In short, the jurors determine the facts and reach a verdict, within the guidelines of the law as determined by the judge. d. campus design. 93% What are three _______ of those convicted receive a community sentence such as a fine or probation. d. all of these. c. 10,000 b. Overcrowding *Steps in a Trial* Judges use combinations of criminal sanctions to reflect all of the following EXCEPT the _______. Which of the following is not a purpose of gangs in prison? ____________ and death have been used throughout history; the sixteenth through eighteenth centuries in Great Britain and Europe were particular brutal. b. Elizabeth Fry Dean Company | Local correctional workers are often ________. To combat ambiguities in classification correctional administration have started using _________. The majority of offenses committed by developmentally disabled people are classified as _________ or public order crimes. Required: Pretrial diversion targets mostly what type of offenses? The number of items that a prisoner may purchase or receive through legitimate channels ____________from state to state and from facility to facility: The judge will point out that his or her instructions contain the interpretation of the relevant laws that govern the case, and that jurors are required to adhere to these laws in making their decision, regardless of what the jurors believe the law is or ought to be. to their employees. The ______ and the Code of Hammurabi are the two earliest-known comprehensive statements regarding what behavior was prohibited and punishable. >>Diagram of How a b. misunderstandings d. all of these. WebRelease on recognizance (ROR) programs assume that_____give people incentive to keep their promise to appear at trail. c. offenders with relatively long sentences. The jail rate is highest in the __________. What level of government is most often responsible for correctional programs for those convicted of minor crimes? /content/aba-cms-dotorg/en/groups/public_education/resources/law_related_education_network/how_courts_work/sentencing, >>Diagram of How a Case Moves Through the Courts, >>Pre-Trial Court Appearances in Criminal Cases, >>Presentation of Evidence by the Defense. 93 percent of the adult prison population is: New alternative programs are filled with people who formerly would have been placed _____. Classification systems that recognize similarities and differences between clients. One of the limitations of the use of probation is that _______. 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